Heat Pump COP Calculator

How It Works

COP (Coefficient of Performance) measures how much heat a heat pump delivers per unit of electricity consumed. A COP of 3.0 means the heat pump delivers 3 units of heat for every 1 unit of electricity — essentially 300 percent efficient. Heat pumps achieve this by moving heat from outdoor air rather than generating it. The catch is that COP drops as outdoor temperature falls. At 47 degrees F (the standard rating temperature), a modern heat pump might have a COP of 3.0. At 17 degrees F, it might drop to 2.0. Below 0 degrees F, some heat pumps struggle to maintain a COP above 1.0. HSPF (Heating Seasonal Performance Factor) is the seasonal average efficiency measured in BTU per watt-hour.